Artificial Intelligence for Monitoring Legislative Behaviour: Implications for the Enforcement of the Anti-Defection Law in India
Nishant Choudhary & Dr. Sunil Pandey
DOI:
Abstract
The The Anti-Defection Law in India, introduced through the Fifty-Second Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985, seeks to prevent political instability caused by party defections by elected representatives. Despite its objective of ensuring political stability and party discipline, the law has faced several challenges, including delayed adjudication of disqualification petitions, political bias in decision-making, and the emergence of new strategies such as mass resignations to bypass disqualification provisions. In recent years, technological advancements, particularly Artificial Intelligence (AI), have created new opportunities for analysing legislative behaviour and improving institutional accountability. This paper examines the potential role of AI in monitoring legislative conduct and strengthening the enforcement of the Anti-Defection Law in India. It analyses how AI-based tools such as machine learning and data analytics can evaluate voting patterns, legislative participation, and party discipline. The study also explores constitutional implications, including institutional autonomy, democratic accountability, and separation of powers. The paper argues that while AI cannot replace constitutional authorities such as the Speaker, it can function as a supportive analytical mechanism that enhances transparency and evidence-based decision-making. The research concludes by proposing institutional and technological reforms aimed at integrating AI-based monitoring systems into legislative governance while preserving constitutional safeguards.